Major Battles in Islamic History

Quraish seized the property of Muslims in Makkah. Muslims sought to intercept a Quraish trade caravan led by Abu Sufyan to recover losses, leading to an armed confrontation.

313 Muslims with poor equipment faced 1,000 well-armed Quraish soldiers. The Prophet ﷺ prayed fervently for victory. Allah sent angels to aid the believers. The Muslims seized the water wells, gaining a strategic advantage.

A decisive Muslim victory. 70 Quraish leaders (including Abu Jahl) were killed. It shattered the myth of Quraish invincibility and established Islam as a political force.

The Quraish wanted revenge for their defeat at Badr and assembled an army of 3,000 to attack Madinah.

The Prophet ﷺ positioned 50 archers on a hill to protect the rear. Initially, Muslims were winning, but when the archers abandoned their posts to collect spoils, Khalid bin Walid (then a disbeliever) attacked from behind.

A temporary military setback. 70 Muslims were martyred, including Hamza (RA). It taught the Ummah the critical lesson of obedience to the Prophet ﷺ.

A massive coalition (The Confederates) of 10,000 soldiers from Quraish and Jewish tribes marched to wipe out the Muslims.

On the advice of Salman Al-Farsi (RA), Muslims dug a deep trench around Madinah. The enemy could not cross it. After a month of siege, Allah sent a freezing wind storm that destroyed the enemy camp.

The enemy retreated without a major fight. It proved that Muslims could defend themselves against all of Arabia combined.

The Prophet ﷺ and 1,400 companions traveled unarmed to perform Umrah but were stopped by Quraish.

Instead of fighting, a 10-year peace treaty was signed. The terms seemed unfavorable to Muslims initially, but the Prophet ﷺ accepted them under Divine guidance.

The Quran called it a "Manifest Victory" (Fath Mubeen). Peace allowed Islam to spread rapidly. In two years, the number of Muslims doubled.

The Jewish tribes of Khaybar were plotting with other Arab tribes to attack Madinah.

Muslims besieged the heavily fortified forts. Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA) was given the flag, and he conquered the strongest fort, Qamus.

Ended the Jewish military threat in Hijaz and brought economic stability to the Islamic state through agricultural lands.

Quraish violated the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah by attacking a tribe allied with Muslims.

The Prophet ﷺ marched with 10,000 men. The city was conquered peacefully without bloodshed. He entered the Kaaba and smashed the 360 idols reciting: "Truth has come, and falsehood has vanished."

General Amnesty was granted to former enemies. This mercy led to mass conversions to Islam.

The tribes of Hawazin and Thaqif gathered a huge army to attack Muslims after the conquest of Makkah.

Muslims had a large army (12,000) and felt proud of their numbers. They were ambushed in a valley and initially fled. The Prophet ﷺ stood firm, rallied them, and turned the tide.

Victory for Muslims. Lesson learned: Victory comes from Allah, not from large numbers.

Reports arrived that the Byzantine (Roman) Emperor Heraclius was preparing to attack Madinah.

It was a time of extreme heat and poverty. The Prophet ﷺ led 30,000 men. No fighting took place as the Roman army dispersed in fear. It exposed the Hypocrites who made excuses to stay behind.

Consolidated Islamic power in the Arabian Peninsula and secured the northern borders.